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What is spinal stenosis?michelson=

Dr. George Frey
Englewood, CO

Spinal stenosis is a condition where gradual compression of the spinal canal causes pressure on the nerves which travel through the disc area. This direct pressure on the nerves causes not only low back pain but also leg pain. There are also usually symptoms of numbness or weakness, which can be made worse with prolonged standing or walking. Spinal stenosis usually develops gradually over years. The pressure on the nerves can be caused by gradual wear and tear changes about the spine, including disc degeneration and bulging, as well as thickening of the surrounding ligaments and joints called the facet joints.

Dr. Reginald Knight
Seattle, WA

Narrowing of the spinal canal, which produces decreased space for spinal cord.

Dr. Jeffrey C. Wang
Los Angeles, CA

Spinal stenosis is a condition where the space available for the nerves becomes very small and the nerves become pinched and inflamed which leads to significant nerve pain. The typical cause of the narrowing of the spinal canal is arthritis of the spine, which gradually narrows the space for the nerves. This condition typically takes years to develop, although it can become debilitating.

Dr. Sean Salehi
Chicago, IL

Spinal stenosis involves narrowing of the spinal canal.

Dr. Kambiz Hannani
Los Angeles, CA

Spinal stenosis is the narrowing of the bony spinal canal. When the canal carrying the nerves narrows, the pressure placed on the nerves usually causes lots of leg pain and some low back pain. The pain usually worsens with standing or walking. Sitting usually improves the pain. Steroid injections and therapy can help. If the pain continues, some of the material which has narrowed the spinal canal can be removed to help patients with the pain.

Dr. Eung-Jun Cha
Bedford, IN

Means the spine is narrowing.

Dr. Thomas Zdeblick
Madison, WI

Spinal stenosis is the condition where the nerves that run down the spinal column are being pinched and do not have enough room. This pinching is usually caused by bone spurs that have grown up around an arthritic spine. Symptoms of spinal stenosis include leg pain with walking that is relieved by sitting or rest.

Dr. Sebastian Lattuga
Rockville Centre, NY

Spinal stenosis is a condition whereby the diameter of the spinal canal (which contains nerves) becomes diminished. In general this diminished size is the result of overgrowth of bone and ligaments. Because there is a finite space available for the nerves, it can cause direct compression of the nerves which can lead to pain, numbness, weakness, and difficulty walking.

Dr. W. Christopher Urban
Glen Burnie, MD

Spinal stenosis involves narrowing of the spinal canal, which may be caused by a variety of factors. Congenital stenosis occurs when a person is born with a disproportionately smaller spinal canal. Acquired stenosis is when the canal narrows as one ages, which is often caused by arthritic facet joints or enlarged soft tissues within the spinal canal. As the spinal canal narrows, there is less room for the nerve roots, and they become compressed. This pressure may cause symptoms, such as back, buttock, and leg pain, which are typically worsened with walking or standing.

Dr. Mark Rosenthal
Baltimore, MD

Stenosis refers to a narrowing of the opening in the spine through which the spinal cord and nerves pass. It can be congenital (something you are born with) or, more often, due to degenerative disease. Most patients present with leg pain when walking.

Dr. Brett Taylor
St. Louis, MO

Spinal stenosis is a process in which the arthritic process narrows the space available for the spinal nerves. This can cause symptoms in either the arms and hands if stenosis occurs in the neck, or it can cause symptoms in the legs and feet if stenosis appears in the lower back. Most people with spinal stenosis do not need surgery and can live a normal life. However, there is a small population of individuals who develop severe symptoms related to spinal stenosis. If nonoperative treatment fails, then surgery can be performed to make the canal bigger by removing the bone that is compressing the nerves.

Dr. Andrew Glass
Someras Pt., NJ

Normally, the nerves in the lower back travel through a tunnel known as the central spinal canal. This tunnel is bordered by the vertebral bodies and discs in front and the bony arches or "laminae" behind. Any narrowing of this central canal is referred to as spinal stenosis. This narrowing compresses the nerves and can result in pain, weakness, sensory problems and/or bowel/bladder problems.

Dr. Theodore A. Belanger
Charlotte, NC

Spinal stenosis involves tightness around the nerves in the spine, causing leg pain, weakness, and limitation in walking and standing. As we age and our spines develop more arthritis, bone spurs and thickening ligaments take up more room in the spine, leaving less room for the nerves that go to our legs. The nerve compression causes back and leg pain, which may be made worse when standing or walking for long periods, and is generally improved with rest or sitting. People will generally cope with walking long distances by resting frequently, or leaning on a shopping cart or cane, to reduce their back and leg pain symptoms.

Dr. Sylvain Palmer
Mission Viejo, CA

Spinal stenosis is when the spinal canal or nerve root canals become narrowed by overgrowth of bone and ligament. This causes compression of the nerves and results in pain, weakness, or numbness.

Dr. Robert S. Pashman
Los Angeles, CA

Spinal stenosis is an abnormal narrowing of the spinal canal, which holds the spinal cord and nerves. This narrowing may be caused by age related changes such as disc degeneration and/or arthritis, which can cause a buildup of bone in and around the canal and nerve holes, resulting in nerve compression. Compression of the nerves can cause symptoms in the arms or legs, such as numbness, weakness or pain.

Dr. Jeffrey Goldstein
New York, NY

Spinal stenosis is when the spinal canal or nerve root tunnels become narrowed. This may be secondary to a combination overgrowth of bone and ligament in combination with a disc herniation. This causes compression of the nerves and results in a variety of symptoms including pain, weakness, numbness, or difficulty walking. Some patients are predisposed to problems as they are born with a relatively small spinal canal. This is referred to as congenital spinal stenosis.

Dr. Ezriel E. Kornel
White Plains, NY

Stenosis means that the spinal canal to which the nerves run within the spine is narrowed and that the nerves do not have as much room to travel through this canal. This leads to compression of the nerve and can lead to significant symptoms ranging from pain in the back to pain in either or both legs when walking and if severe enough can result potentially in bowel or bladder dysfunction as well as sexual dysfunction in males.

Dr. Donald D. Dietze Jr.
Covington, LA

The constriction around the nerves in the spine that causes strain on the nerves with activities generating pain that limits activity level. The constriction is a result of degenerative disc disease and/or osteoarthritis of the spine.

Dr. Jorge E. Isaza
Baton Rouge, LA

Spinal stenosis is a narrowing of the space that the nerves occupy inside the spinal canal. Bone spurs, disc herniations, tumors, or the buckling of ligaments inside the spinal canal can produce this. Fractures are also associated with this condition when a piece of bone displaces into the spinal canal.

Dr. Kenneth A. Pettine
Loveland, CO

Spinal stenosis means there is less room for the spinal cord and exiting nerve roots typically resulting in radiating leg pain. The two major causes of radiating leg pain would be either a herniated disc or lumbar stenosis. Stenosis is typically found in the elderly population. I like to use the analogy of an oak tree whose roots have grown into a three-inch sewer pipe. There are places where the pipe is no longer three inches in diameter and the toilet is not functioning properly. The areas where the roots have decreased the diameter of the pipe are stenosis. This exact event occurs in the spine secondary to arthritic buildup of bone and/or ligaments and soft tissues around the spinal cord and exiting nerve roots.

Dr. Rick Sasso
Indianapolis, IN

Narrowing of the spinal canal. This may lead to compression of neural structures.

Dr. Dennis G. Crandall
Mesa, AZ

Any narrowing of the area normally occupied by nerves in the spine is called stenosis. Central stenosis occurs in the middle of the spinal canal, and foraminal stenosis occurs as the individual nerves exit the spine.

Dr. Paul J. Slosar
Daly City, CA

Spinal stenosis is a degenerative arthritic spinal condition that causes pressure on the spinal nerves from a buildup of bone-spurs or spinal ligaments. These patients are usually over the age of sixty and experience leg pain, aching, or heaviness with walking.

Dr. Randy Davis
Glen Burnie, MD

Spinal stenosis is a variant of arthritis in the spine where bone spurs form and narrow the spinal canal. The spinal canal can be narrowed centrally causing pressure on all the nerve roots, but more frequently it can be narrowed in the arrow known as the foramen, which is the area of the spine where the nerve roots exit from the spinal cord area and then travel out to the arms and legs.

Dr. Thomas Kleeman
Bedford, NH

Spinal stenosis is a condition that affects the elderly. It is the most common spinal condition leading to surgery in people over the age of 60. In this condition the spinal canal is narrowed to a degree where the spinal cord or nerve roots may be compromised. The compression results from a combination of disc bulging, hypertrophy or enlargement of the facet joints and thickening of a ligament called the ligamentum flavum. The resulting symptoms of pain, numbness, and weakness are called neurogenic claudication. These symptoms are more diffuse than those associated with disc herniations due to the involvement of many nerve roots as opposed to a single root. The symptoms are aggravated by standing and walking, which increase the curve of the lumbar spine. This causes thickening the ligamentum flavum and narrowing of the spinal canal. Sitting relieves the symptoms by straightening the spine and stretching the ligament thus opening the spinal canal.

Dr. John S. Shiau
Staten Island, NY

Spinal stenosis is the narrowing of the spinal canal. Depending on the area of the spine where the stenosis occurs, you can get different symptoms. What causes the narrowing of the canal? You can have what they call congenital narrow spinal canal where you are just born with it, or you can have acquired spinal stenosis. Acquired spinal stenosis can be anything that pushes and narrows the spinal canal. So you can have a herniated disc, arthritis, or even a fracture that causes spinal stenosis.

The commentary above recounts the experiences of these physicians. Medtronic invited them to share their stories candidly. Keep in mind that results vary; not every patient's response is the same. Talk with your doctor to learn more about any products that are mentioned above.

It is important that you discuss the potential risks, complications and benefits of spinal surgery with your doctor prior to receiving treatment, and that you rely on your doctor's judgment. Only your doctor can determine whether you are a suitable candidate for this treatment.

  • Published: July 22, 2002
  • Updated: April 19, 2010